Page 9 - CIWA’s FCV Framework

Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Framework: Enhancing CIWA’s Effectiveness in Fragile Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa

4.1 The three components of the CIWA Framework

This section provides guidance to help CIWA specialists The World Bank’s FCV Group’s RRAs, for example,
develop a strong narrative that showcases a project’s provide an excellent basis for the early identification of
contribution to addressing the identified drivers of both drivers of fragility and sources of resilience that
fragility that have an impact on water cooperation. impact water cooperation.
Information related to the CIWA FCV Framework’s three
components discussed above must be captured on the Efforts should also be made to gather information on the
CIWA Framework Form (Annex 1). specific impacts on women, girls and other vulnerable
populations to enable a gender-responsive approach to
project preparation and implementation
Step 1: Identification of drivers of fragility—Identify
the drivers of fragility that have an impact on water The drivers of fragility must be listed. Special attention
cooperation in the project implementation area should be dedicated to those drivers of fragility and
during project preparation. sources of resilience that can potentially be addressed
through the CIWA-funded operation with attention given
to the different impacts on women, girls and other
The drivers of fragility can be identified through a review vulnerable populations. Table 1 provides a list of general
of existing literature (grey literature, studies produced by drivers of fragility that impact water cooperation and
governments, UN agencies, think tanks, or research sources of resilience.¹⁸ The list is only indicative, and CIWA
institutes) or through primary research conducted during Task Teams are encouraged to identify alternative drivers
project preparation. of fragility and sources of resilience.¹⁹

Table 1 – Drivers of fragility and sources of resilience (examples)

Drivers of fragility Sources of resilience

I Armed conflict I Active RBOs

II RECs involved in transboundary waters
management
Breakdown of social contract (including
II basic water supply and sanitation
services)
III Active civil society organizations involved
in transboundary waters management

III Presence of disputed territories
IV Water treaties

V Climate-change-proofed water treaties
Presence of pollutants/contaminants
VI (e.g., pulp mills legal case between
Argentina and Uruguay)
Informal information-sharing
VI mechanisms (e.g., between riparian
communities)

Country dependence on transboundary Consultation and active engagement of
VII rivers and aquifers for its water supply local populations that ensures that the
(e.g., dependency ratio) VII perspectives of women, men and other
vulnerable populations are able to
participate on an equal footing.

¹⁸ Thislist was developed through a reviewof grey literature on water cooperation and conflict. Some of the drivers of fragility and sources of resilience
are defined as indicators of hydro-political resilience and vulnerability (See Wolf, A. 2007. Shared waters: Conflict and cooperation. Annual review of
Environment and resources, 32(1),241-269).
¹⁹ EachWorld Bank RRA identifies a setof drivers of fragility and sources of resilience. The CIWA FCV Framework’s list was derived from the 2022
South Sudan RRA: Driver 1: The militarized rule has led to a dysfunctional governance, Driver 2: The concentration of power by elites creates a
destabilizing impact, Driver 3: Intercommunal violence influences local and national conflict dynamics, Driver 4: A weak justice system perpetuates
impunity andviolence, Driver 5: Limited socioeconomic opportunities for youth increase their susceptibility to violence, Resilience source 1: Traditional
authoritiesand community organizations, Resilience source 2: Agriculture as a potentialsource of growth, Resilience source 3: Religious actors and faith-
based organizations can foster social cohesion, Resilience source 4: The role of women in building resilience.
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